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International Morse code is composed of five elements:

1. short mark, dot or 'dit' (·) — 'dot duration' is one unit long
2. longer mark, dash or 'dah' (–) — three units long
3. inter-element gap between the dots and dashes within a character — one dot duration or one unit long
4. short gap (between letters) — three units long
5. medium gap (between words) — seven units long